原(Yuan)发(Fa)性(Xing)开(Kai)角(Jiao)型(Xing)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)的(De)发(Fa)病(Bing)率(Lu),(?)30岁(Sui)以(Yi)上(Shang)较(Jiao)高(Gao),(?)发(Fa)病(Bing)率(Lu)随(Sui)年(Nian)龄(Ling)增(Zeng)加(Jia)而(?)升(Sheng)高(Gao),(?)但(Dan)也(Ye)可(Ke)在(Zai)20~(?)30岁(Sui),(?)甚(Shen)至(Zhi)10岁(Sui)发(Fa)病(Bing)。(?)
原(Yuan)发(Fa)性(Xing)开(Kai)角(Jiao)型(Xing)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)具(Ju)有(You)遗(Yi)传(Chuan)性(Xing)和(He)家(Jia)族(Zu)性(Xing)的(De)疾(Ji)病(Bing),(?)确(Que)切(Qie)的(De)遗(Yi)传(Chuan)方(Fang)式(Shi)尚(Shang)不(Bu)清(Qing)楚(Chu),(?)可(Ke)能(Neng)是(Shi)多(Duo)基(Ji)因(Yin)多(Duo)因(Yin)素(Su)遗(Yi)传(Chuan)。(?)它(Ta)在(Zai)近(Jin)亲(Qin)家(Jia)庭(Ting)中(Zhong)的(De)发(Fa)病(Bing)率(Lu)较(Jiao)高(Gao),(?)而(?)有(You)家(Jia)族(Zu)史(Shi)者(Zhe)发(Fa)病(Bing)率(Lu)更(Geng)高(Gao)。(?)
人(Ren)群(Qun)中(Zhong)有(You)下(Xia)列(Lie)情(Qing)况(Kuang)者(Zhe)易(Yi)患(Huan)开(Kai)角(Jiao)型(Xing)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan):(?)
①(?)高(Gao)眼(Yan)压(Ya)。(?)这(Zhe)是(Shi)首(Shou)要(Yao)危(Wei)险(Xian)因(Yin)素(Su),(?)尽(Jin)管(Guan)早(Zao)期(Qi)没(Mei)有(You)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)性(Xing)损(Sun)害(Hai),(?)随(Sui)着(Zhuo)高(Gao)眼(Yan)压(Ya)持(Chi)续(Xu)时(Shi)间(Jian)延(Yan)长(Chang),(?)眼(Yan)压(Ya)基(Ji)值(Zhi)不(Bu)断(Duan)升(Sheng)高(Gao),(?)发(Fa)生(Sheng)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)性(Xing)损(Sun)害(Hai)的(De)可(Ke)能(Neng)逐(Zhu)渐(Jian)增(Zeng)大(Da)。(?)
②(?)视(Shi)乳(Ru)头(Tou)陷(Xian)凹(Ao)。(?)这(Zhe)是(Shi)第(Di)二(?)危(Wei)险(Xian)因(Yin)素(Su),(?)大(Da)而(?)深(Shen)的(De)陷(Xian)凹(Ao)对(Dui)压(Ya)力(Li)的(De)耐(Nai)受(Shou)力(Li)差(Cha)。(?)双(Shuang)侧(Ce)陷(Xian)凹(Ao)不(Bu)对(Dui)称(Cheng)一(Yi)般(Ban)是(Shi)后(Hou)天(Tian)造(Zao)成(Cheng)的(De),(?)且(Qie)与(Yu)高(Gao)眼(Yan)压(Ya)有(You)关(Guan),(?)陷(Xian)凹(Ao)进(Jin)行(Xing)性(Xing)扩(Kuo)大(Da)是(Shi)重(Zhong)要(Yao)的(De)危(Wei)险(Xian)因(Yin)素(Su),(?)可(Ke)发(Fa)生(Sheng)在(Zai)视(Shi)野(Ye)缺(Que)损(Sun)前(Qian)。(?)这(Zhe)类(Lei)人(Ren)需(Xu)定(Ding)期(Qi)检(Jian)查(Cha)视(Shi)盘(Pan)陷(Xian)凹(Ao)和(He)视(Shi)野(Ye),(?)一(Yi)旦(Dan)出(Chu)现(Xian)视(Shi)神(Shen)经(Jing)损(Sun)伤(Shang)即(Ji)予(Yu)。(?)
③(?)高(Gao)度(Du)近(Jin)视(Shi)。(?)高(Gao)度(Du)近(Jin)视(Shi)患(Huan)者(Zhe)中(Zhong)开(Kai)角(Jiao)型(Xing)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)发(Fa)病(Bing)率(Lu)增(Zeng)高(Gao),(?)同(Tong)样(Yang)开(Kai)角(Jiao)型(Xing)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)中(Zhong)近(Jin)视(Shi)发(Fa)病(Bing)率(Lu)也(Ye)高(Gao)。(?)近(Jin)视(Shi)眼(Yan)对(Dui)眼(Yan)压(Ya)升(Sheng)高(Gao)易(Yi)感(Gan),(?)又(You)因(Yin)产(Chan)生(Sheng)陷(Xian)凹(Ao)较(Jiao)浅(Qian),(?)不(Bu)易(Yi)辨(Bian)认(Ren),(?)又(You)因(Yin)巩(Gong)膜(Mo)硬(Ying)度(Du)低(Di),(?)用(Yong)压(Ya)陷(Xian)眼(Yan)压(Ya)计(Ji)测(Ce)量(Liang)眼(Yan)压(Ya)值(Zhi)常(Chang)偏(Pian)低(Di)。(?)
④(?)糖(Tang)尿(Niao)病(Bing)。(?)糖(Tang)尿(Niao)病(Bing)患(Huan)者(Zhe)青(Qing)光(Guang)眼(Yan)的(De)发(Fa)生(Sheng)率(Lu)为(Wei)12.6%(?),(?)明(Ming)显(Xian)高(Gao)于(Yu)人(Ren)群(Qun)。(?)
⑤(?)全(Quan)身(Shen)血(Xue)管(Guan)病(Bing)。(?)特(Te)别(Bie)是(Shi)低(Di)血(Xue)压(Ya)患(Huan)者(Zhe),(?)容(Rong)易(Yi)发(Fa)生(Sheng)视(Shi)盘(Pan)供(Gong)血(Xue)不(Bu)足(Zu),(?)增(Zeng)加(Jia)视(Shi)神(Shen)经(Jing)损(Sun)害(Hai)的(De)危(Wei)险(Xian)。(?)